🚚 餐車保險 Food Truck Insurance 101｜流動廚房，也要有穩定的保障
很多人以為餐車只是「餐廳的小一號版本」，
但對保險公司來說，餐車 ≠ 一般餐廳，也 ≠ 一般汽車，而是同時有：
- 🚚 車輛在路上行駛的風險（車禍、碰撞）
- 🔥 瓦斯爐、油鍋、電器設備的失火風險
- 🍜 食物、中毒、客人滑倒受傷等責任風險
- 📍 經常換地點、參加活動、臨時租位的風險
所以，多數餐車老闆會發現：
👉 一般個人車險保單，其實 不一定會承保餐車的營業風險。
這一篇就用簡單的方式，幫你整理：餐車常見的保險種類，以及為什麼「便宜不一定最划算」。
一、餐車與一般餐廳，有什麼不一樣的風險？
- 🏃♂️ 餐車一直在移動：在路上開車、停路邊、進出停車場，都可能發生碰撞事故。
- 🔥 高溫＋油煙環境：瓦斯、油鍋、發電機、電線，如果老舊或改裝不當，火災風險比一般店面高。
- 👣 客人環境不穩定：人行道、停車場、夜市地上溼滑，客人滑倒、被電線絆倒，都可能變成第三責任理賠。
- 📦 設備與存貨都在車上：冰箱、烤箱、POS 機、食材，如果被偷或失火，一次可能損失一大筆。
也因為這些特性，許多活動主辦單位、公司園區、商場，
會要求餐車提供：保險證明（COI）＋ 將主辦單位列為 Additional Insured，才可以進場擺攤。
二、餐車常見的幾種保險組合
1️⃣ 商業車險（Commercial Auto）🚚
這一塊主要保的是「車」本身與在道路上的意外：
- 🚗 Auto Liability：你不小心撞到別人的車、行人或財物 → 賠償他人的醫療與維修。
- 🛠 Collision：你的車因碰撞受損 → 修自己的車。
- 🌪 Comprehensive：非碰撞事故，例如失竊、砸車、天災、樹砸車、玻璃破裂…等。
如果餐車是以個人名義登記、卻拿去營業，有些個人車險在理賠時可能會質疑用途，
所以多數情況會建議用 「商業車險」來承保餐車。
2️⃣ 一般責任險（General Liability）🧯
這一塊主要處理「客人或第三人受傷」與「對別人財物造成損失」：
- 👣 客人滑倒受傷
- 🍲 熱湯、熱油潑到客人
- 📦 不小心把別人的設備、車子、帳棚弄壞
很多主辦單位會要求：
👉 General Liability + Additional Insured + 特定保額（例如 $1M / $2M）。
3️⃣ 商業財物／設備保障（Business Personal Property / Inland Marine）💼
餐車上有很多值錢的設備與工具，例如：烤箱、炸鍋、冰箱、發電機、POS、音響…
如果失火、被偷、被破壞，只靠車險是不夠的。
- 🔌 攤位設備與廚房設備
- 🥬 食材與庫存（有些保單可加保 Spoilage／冷藏失效）
- 💻 POS、收銀機、平板、刷卡機
4️⃣ 業務中斷／營業損失（Business Interruption）⏸
如果餐車發生事故：例如火災、重大損失，需要停業一段時間，
有些保單可以附加「營業收入損失」，幫你撐過這段沒有營收的時間。
5️⃣ 員工相關保障（Workers’ Comp 等）🧑🍳
如果你有請員工幫忙煎炒、點餐、搬重物：
多數州會要求雇主提供 Workers’ Compensation（勞工保險）。
員工在工作中燙傷、滑倒受傷，才有正式的醫療與補償管道。
三、常見的餐車保險組合範例（只是一個方向，不是標準答案）
🧩 範例一：一人小餐車，沒有員工
- 🚚 商業車險（Commercial Auto）
- 🧯 一般責任險（General Liability）
- 💼 部分設備與財物保障
🧩 範例二：有 1–2 位助手、常跑公司園區或活動
- 🚚 商業車險（Commercial Auto）
- 🧯 一般責任險（含 Additional Insured 要求）
- 💼 設備＋存貨保障
- 🧑🍳 Workers’ Comp（視州法律與實際情況而定）
實際的保額、扣抵額（deductible），都會跟你餐車的：
營業地區、營業時間、菜色類型、過去理賠紀錄 等有關。
四、跟保險代理人溝通時，可以先準備什麼？
- 📍 你平常在哪些城市／地點出沒？（例：灣區公司園區、市集、夜市）
- ⏰ 營業時間（白天／晚上？一年幾個月？）
- 🍲 菜色類型（火鍋、炸物、BBQ、咖啡甜點…風險不同）
- 👥 是否有員工？幾位？主要工作是什麼？
- 📄 過去是否曾出險或被客人投訴？
- 🧾 主辦單位／房東是否有特別要求保額或 Additional Insured？
這些資訊越清楚，越容易幫你搭配一份：
不會過度浪費、又不會保得太薄的保單。
五、小結：最怕的是「以為有保，結果不在範圍內」
很多餐車老闆一開始是：「反正有買車險，應該就有保吧？」
真正出事時才發現：個人車險不承保營業用途，或只保「車」，不保「營業」。
所以，比起「找到最便宜的保費」，我更希望大家先問自己：
如果真的發生意外，我能不能承受那個結果？
如果答案是「很難」，那就值得花一點時間，把餐車保險好好規劃清楚。
（本篇內容為一般性說明，實際承保範圍與條款請以各家保險公司保單為準。）
✔《餐廳油火篇》
🚚 Food Truck Insurance 101 – Your kitchen moves, but your risk shouldn’t
Many people think a food truck is just “a smaller restaurant on wheels.”
From an insurance point of view, a food truck is not the same as:
- a regular personal car, or
- a fixed-location restaurant.
It carries both driving exposure and cooking/business exposure. In this article, let’s walk through:
- what makes food truck risks different, and
- the most common types of coverage you may want to consider.
1. How is a food truck different from a normal restaurant?
- 🏃♂️ It’s constantly moving – driving on the road, parking in lots, entering and leaving tight spaces.
- 🔥 High-heat equipment in a small space – gas, fryers, generators, electrical cords… fire risk is higher than many fixed locations.
- 👣 Customers are in less controlled environments – sidewalks, parking lots, outdoor events, sometimes in the dark or on wet ground.
- 📦 Most of your business assets are inside the truck – equipment, inventory, POS systems, etc.
Because of this, many landlords or event organizers will require:
👉 a Certificate of Insurance (COI), and
👉 to be listed as Additional Insured
before they allow your truck to operate on their property.
2. Key coverages that many food trucks consider
1️⃣ Commercial Auto Insurance 🚚
This covers the vehicle while it’s on the road:
- 🚗 Auto Liability – if you damage other people’s cars, property, or injure someone in an accident.
- 🛠 Collision – to repair your own truck after a covered collision.
- 🌪 Comprehensive – theft, vandalism, certain weather events, falling objects, glass breakage, etc.
If the truck is insured only under a personal auto policy but used mainly for business,
the insurer may question the claim. That’s why many food trucks use a
commercial auto policy instead.
2️⃣ General Liability Insurance 🧯
This focuses on third-party injuries and property damage, for example:
- 👣 a customer slips and falls near your truck
- 🍲 hot soup or oil spills on someone
- 📦 you accidentally damage someone else’s property or equipment
Event organizers often require a certain limit, such as:
$1M per occurrence / $2M aggregate, with Additional Insured wording.
3️⃣ Business Personal Property / Equipment Coverage 💼
Your truck is also your mini-warehouse and kitchen:
- 🔌 cooking equipment – ovens, fryers, grills, generators
- 🥬 inventory and food
- 💻 POS systems, tablets, cash drawers
Some policies also offer add-ons for spoilage or equipment breakdown,
if refrigeration fails or key equipment stops working.
4️⃣ Business Interruption / Loss of Income ⏸
If a covered loss forces you to shut down for a while,
business interruption coverage may help replace some of your lost income during the downtime.
5️⃣ Workers’ Compensation and employee-related coverage 🧑🍳
If you have helpers or employees, many states require
Workers’ Compensation insurance for job-related injuries.
That could include burns, strains, falls, or other accidents while working on the truck.
3. Example food truck insurance setups (for illustration only)
🧩 Example A – Solo owner-operator, no employees
- 🚚 Commercial Auto
- 🧯 General Liability
- 💼 Limited equipment / business personal property coverage
🧩 Example B – Small team, frequently working at corporate sites or events
- 🚚 Commercial Auto
- 🧯 General Liability with Additional Insured as required
- 💼 Broader equipment and inventory coverage
- 🧑🍳 Workers’ Compensation (if required by law or contract)
The “right” combination and limits will depend on where you operate,
what you serve, how often you work, and your loss history.
4. What to prepare before you talk to an agent?
- 📍 Your usual operating cities / locations
- ⏰ Hours and months of operation (weekdays/weekends, seasonal or year-round)
- 🍲 Type of food (grilled, fried, hot pot, BBQ, dessert, coffee, etc.)
- 👥 Whether you have employees or helpers, and what they do
- 📄 Any prior claims or serious complaints
- 📑 Any specific requirements from landlords or event organizers
The clearer your picture is, the easier it is to design coverage that is
cost-effective but not dangerously thin.
5. Final thought: “Cheap” coverage can be very expensive
Many owners start with: “If I just get the cheapest policy, I’m covered, right?”
The real risk is finding out—after a loss—that:
- the policy doesn’t cover business use, or
- only the vehicle is covered, not your business operations.
Instead of asking only “How do I pay the lowest premium?”, it can be more helpful to ask:
“If something serious happens, what can I realistically afford to lose?”
This article is for general educational purposes only and is not legal or tax advice.
Actual coverage depends on the policy wording and each insurer’s underwriting guidelines.
Please review your own policy or consult a licensed professional before making decisions.
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