🧨 承包商詐騙三兄弟：孫水管 × 趙畫圖 × 陳包商 — 一開口我就知道你沒保險！

在灣區、德州、紐約……只要你有房子，就很有機會遇過這三種承包商：

🪠 孫水管：永遠「最近才續保」、但證明拿不出來
🖊️ 趙畫圖：收了你的畫圖費之後整個人蒸發
🏗️ 陳包商：工程做一半人就不見，完工保固？什麼都沒有

這三位不是同一個人，但每個華人屋主都至少遇過一個版本。他們的共同點，就是：

👉 嘴巴上都有保險，手上永遠拿不出來。
👉 你一問細節，他就開始演戲、轉移話題。

而這，也就是近幾年屋主最容易被騙的第一個紅旗（red flag）。

今天這篇文章，就是要給所有屋主一個「我一聽就知道你在騙」的承包商保險辨識指南，讓你在第一次對話就能聽出破綻。

🔥 一、孫水管：最經典的「我有保險啦」派

你問：「可以給我你的 General Liability 嗎？」

他說：「可以啊！我最近才續，我手機裡找一下……」

然後就開始各種翻找、拖延，最後永遠找不到。

這類承包商通常：

❌ 沒有 GL（General Liability，一般責任險）
❌ 沒有 Workers Comp（工人意外保險）
❌ 沒有 Commercial Auto（商業車險）
❌ 沒有 bond（保證金／擔保）
❌ 沒有任何 Completed Operations（完工後責任）

一旦他做壞，你只能自認倒楣。

最常見的情況包括：

🚿 水管接錯 → 地板泡水、櫥櫃發霉
🧱 漏水造成牆壁、天花板霉菌，要全部重拆
🗣️ 他說：「都是你家舊管線的問題，不關我的事。」
🏃 然後就人間蒸發，再也聯絡不到人

沒有保險 = 你無處求償，只能自己扛。

🎨 二、趙畫圖：收錢畫圖後完全消失的那種

趙畫圖最擅長各種話術＋拖延：

「畫圖費先付，我很快給你 layout。」
「我兩天後 email 給你。」
「我有職業責任保險啦，你放心。」

但如果他根本沒有 E&O（Errors & Omissions，專業責任保險），你付出去的畫圖費就等於報銷。

這類承包商最大的問題是：

👉 沒有任何法律義務完成你想像中的「完整服務」。
👉 收完錢後不讀不回，屋主也不知道該找誰申訴。

你只會得到一句：「我最近很忙。」

然後永遠沒下文。

🚧 三、陳包商：最危險，因為他有可能只有「部分保險」

這種承包商最會演戲：

「我們公司有保險啦，你放心。」
給你看一張模糊的保單封面照片
不給你看有效日期（effective date）
不給你看完整的 policy number
完全不提 Completed Operations（完工後責任）

⚠️ 這裡要記住：

沒有 Completed Operations = 工程完工後的風險完全是你的。

意思是：

💥 工程結束後幾個月出事 → 保險不賠
💥 像是電線走火、地板翹起、樓下天花板滲水 → 屋主自己付錢處理

很多人以為「完工了就安全了」。

錯。

很多施工問題，都是在完工後 3～12 個月 才慢慢浮現。沒有 Completed Ops，你的風險比你想像中還大。

📝 四、屋主要的不只是「保險封面」，而是這三樣

真正專業、負責任的承包商，應該可以清楚提供這三種基本保險：

1️⃣ General Liability（GL，一般責任險）

至少要包含：

👤 bodily injury（人身傷害）
🏠 property damage（財物損失）
🧰 products & completed operations（產品＋完工後責任）
🗣️ personal & advertising injury（個人與廣告相關責任）

沒有 Completed Operations 的 GL → 可以直接淘汰。

2️⃣ Workers Compensation（工人意外保險）

它的存在，是為了保護你，不只是保護承包商自己。

你不會希望出現這種情況：

💀 他員工從梯子上跌下來 → 沒 Workers Comp → 對方律師來找「屋主」
💀 承包商沒保工傷險 → 你被牽扯進各種責任與索賠

所以 Workers Comp 是超級大項，不是可有可無的選配。

3️⃣ Commercial Auto（商業車險）

如果他是開工作車來你家，過程中：

🚗 倒車撞到你的 garage door
🧰 車上的工具掉下來砸到你的車

一般個人車險（personal auto）很多情況是不賠的。

這一點，是很多屋主完全不知道的風險。

🧨 五、我遇過最經典的幾種情況（真人真事）

我自己實際遇過：

📄 說有保險，給我一張早就過期的 2019 年保單
💸 說會畫圖，錢收了人就不見
🔢 說有執照，結果是拿別人的 license number
📑 說 GL 有 200 萬，結果保單裡根本沒有 Completed Ops
🖨️ 還有人拿出看起來很奇怪的「保單 PDF」，仔細看連保險公司資訊都對不上

也因為這些經驗，我才想寫這篇文章：

因為華人屋主真的太容易被承包商騙了。

尤其 2022～2025 這幾年裝修潮、搬家潮，市場上各種「半路出家的承包商」暴增，騙案也跟著變多。

🛡️ 六、屋主必問的 10 個問題（紅旗快速檢查表）

如果你正準備找人裝修、換屋頂、改水電、做加建，建議你至少問完下面這 10 題：

📧 你可以把全部保險證明 email 給我嗎？要 PDF 版本。
👷 Workers Comp 是你自己的，還是你請的 Subcontractor 的？
📌 你的 GL 有沒有包含 Completed Operations？
📅 你現在的保單有效日期是什麼？什麼時候到期？
🏢 你的保險公司（carrier）是哪一家？（看等級、也看穩定度）
💰 保額是多少？100 萬？200 萬？還是更低？
🚚 你有 Commercial Auto 嗎？還是用個人車險？
🧾 你有 Bond 嗎？可以給我看 bond 的資訊嗎？
🏛️ 你是 LLC、Corp 還是 Sole Proprietor？公司名稱是什麼？
🧐 保險文件上的公司名稱，跟你的報價單、發票是不是一致？

如果承包商在這 10 題裡面：

答不出來
一直閃避問題
叫你「不用想那麼多」
說「以前客人都沒問那麼細」

👉 這就是很明顯的紅旗。

🧩 七、總結：一句話測出他是不是「三兄弟」之一

其實你只要一句話，就可以先初步測試對方的專業度：

「請把 GL、Workers Comp、Commercial Auto 的保單 PDF email 給我。」

詐騙型／半吊子承包商通常會：

開始找理由：手機壞掉、雲端沒同步、現在不在電腦旁
一直拖：說等一下、明天、下週再給你
只給模糊照片，不願意給清楚 PDF
假裝聽不懂你在講什麼是 Completed Operations
強調「我做很久了，你放心啦」但就是不給文件

而真正有保險、做事認真、在乎自己名聲的承包商，通常會：

✔️ 很快就 email 完整 PDF 給你（含 Completed Ops）
✔️ 公司名稱、保單名稱、報價單抬頭三者一致
✔️ 甚至主動解釋他們的 coverage、保額、限額

一比較，你就知道誰是專業，誰只是「三兄弟」之一。

身為屋主，你不需要變成保險專家，但你可以用幾個簡單問題，保護自己辛苦買來的房子不被隨便的人亂搞。

🧨 The Contractor Scam Trio: Plumber Sun, Designer Zhao & Contractor Chen — I Already Know You’re Uninsured!

If you own a home in the Bay Area, Texas, New York or pretty much anywhere in the U.S., chances are you’ve already met at least one of these three contractor types:

🪠 Plumber Sun: “I just renewed my insurance” but somehow can never show proof
🖊️ Designer Zhao: disappears right after taking your design or drawing fee
🏗️ Contractor Chen: vanishes halfway through the job, and any “warranty” is just lip service

They’re not literally the same person, but almost every homeowner has met some version of them. Their common traits:

👉 They claim to have insurance, but never actually show you the documents.
👉 The moment you ask for details, they start acting, stalling, or changing the topic.

This is the first and biggest red flag that homeowners keep running into in recent years.

This article is meant to be a practical guide for homeowners — a “I can tell you’re lying just from the way you talk” contractor insurance checklist, so you can spot red flags in your very first conversation.

🔥 I. Plumber Sun: The Classic “Yeah I Have Insurance” Guy

You ask, “Can you send me your General Liability certificate?”

He says, “Sure! I just renewed it. Let me find it on my phone…”

And then he keeps scrolling, stalling, and never sends anything.

Contractors like this usually:

❌ Don’t have proper GL (General Liability)
❌ Don’t have Workers’ Compensation
❌ Don’t have Commercial Auto
❌ Don’t have a bond
❌ Don’t have any Completed Operations coverage at all

Once something goes wrong, you’re on your own.

Typical scenarios look like this:

🚿 Wrong plumbing connection → your floors are flooded and cabinets start to mold
🧱 Hidden leaks → drywall and ceilings full of mold that all need to be torn out
🗣️ He says, “It’s your old pipes, not my problem.”
🏃 Then he disappears, stops picking up the phone, and never comes back

No insurance = no one to claim from. You pay, and you clean up the mess.

🎨 II. Designer Zhao: Takes the Drawing Fee & Vanishes

Designer Zhao is a master of nice talk + delays:

“Pay the drawing/design fee first, I’ll give you the layout soon.”
“I’ll email you in two days.”
“I have professional liability insurance, don’t worry.”

But if he doesn’t actually carry proper E&O (Errors & Omissions / professional liability), your drawing fee is basically gone the second you send it.

The biggest problem with contractors like this:

👉 They don’t really have a clear legal obligation to complete the “full service” you imagine.
👉 Once they stop replying, you don’t even know which company or which policy to go after.

All you’ll hear is, “I’ve been really busy lately.”

And that’s usually the end of the story.

🚧 III. Contractor Chen: The Most Dangerous Type — Because He Might Have “Partial Insurance”

This contractor is often the best at acting:

“Our company is fully insured, don’t worry.”
He shows you a blurry photo of a policy front page.
He doesn’t show the effective dates.
He doesn’t show the full policy number.
He never mentions Completed Operations coverage.

⚠️ Remember this:

No Completed Operations = all the risk after the job is finished falls back on you.

That means:

💥 Something fails a few months after completion → the policy doesn’t respond.
💥 Electrical fire, warped flooring, downstairs ceiling leaks → you pay out-of-pocket.

Many homeowners think, “Once the job is finished, I’m safe.”

Wrong.

A lot of construction and installation problems don’t show up until 3–12 months after completion. Without Completed Operations coverage, your risk is much higher than you think.

📝 IV. What Homeowners Actually Need From Contractors (Not Just a Pretty Policy Cover)

A truly professional and responsible contractor should be able to provide at least these three types of insurance, clearly and confidently:

1️⃣ General Liability (GL)

At minimum, it should cover:

👤 Bodily Injury
🏠 Property Damage
🧰 Products & Completed Operations
🗣️ Personal & Advertising Injury

A GL policy without Completed Operations is a huge red flag.

2️⃣ Workers’ Compensation

This isn’t just for the contractor; it’s actually a big part of protecting you as the homeowner.

You really don’t want to end up in situations like:

💀 One of his workers falls off a ladder → there’s no Workers’ Comp → a lawyer comes knocking on your door.
💀 The contractor has no work comp at all → you get dragged into liability and medical claims.

Workers’ Comp is a must-have, not a “nice-to-have optional add-on.”

3️⃣ Commercial Auto

If he’s driving a work truck or van to your property, and along the way:

🚗 He backs into your garage door.
🧰 His tools fall and damage your car or driveway.

A personal auto policy often won’t cover these business-related situations.

This is a risk a lot of homeowners don’t even realize exists.

🧨 V. Real-Life Examples I’ve Personally Seen

Here are some real situations I’ve actually run into:

📄 A contractor claimed he was insured and sent me a certificate — it turned out to be from 2019 and long expired.
💸 A “designer” took the drawing fee and then completely disappeared.
🔢 Someone used another company’s license number and pretended it was their own.
📑 A contractor said their GL limit was $2M, but the policy didn’t have Completed Operations at all.
🖨️ I’ve even seen very suspicious “policy PDFs” where the insurer’s info didn’t match the supposed carrier.

These experiences are exactly why I want to write this article:

Too many homeowners — especially in immigrant communities — are getting burned by contractors who aren’t properly insured.

From 2022 to 2025, with the remodeling and moving boom, the number of “half-baked” contractors exploding onto the market has gone up — and so have the scams.

🛡️ VI. 10 Questions Every Homeowner Should Ask Before Hiring a Contractor

If you’re about to hire someone for remodeling, roofing, plumbing, electrical, or additions, I highly recommend asking at least these ten questions:

📧 Can you email me all your insurance certificates as PDFs?
👷 Is your Workers’ Compensation for your own employees, or only for your subcontractors?
📌 Does your GL policy include Products & Completed Operations?
📅 What are the effective dates of your current policies? When do they expire?
🏢 Which insurance carrier are you with? (This says a lot about stability and underwriting quality.)
💰 What are your limits? $1M, $2M, or something lower?
🚚 Do you have Commercial Auto, or are you using a personal auto policy?
🧾 Do you have a bond? Can you show me the bond information?
🏛️ Are you an LLC, corporation, or sole proprietor? What’s the exact legal business name?
🧐 Does the business name on your insurance documents match the name on your quotes and invoices?

If the contractor:

Can’t answer clearly,
Keeps dodging the questions,
Tells you “you’re overthinking it,”
Or says “no one else has ever asked me that before,”

👉 That’s a clear red flag.

🧩 VII. One Sentence That Quickly Exposes Whether They’re One of the “Trio”

In reality, you can test their professionalism with just one simple sentence:

“Please email me the PDF copies of your GL, Workers’ Comp, and Commercial Auto policies.”

The scammy or half-baked contractors will usually:

Make excuses: “My phone is broken,” “I’m not near my computer,” “I’ll send it later.”
Keep delaying: “Tomorrow,” “next week,” “after I get home.”
Only send blurry photos instead of clear PDFs.
Pretend not to understand what Completed Operations is.
Rely on lines like “I’ve been doing this for years, trust me,” but still never send the documents.

A truly insured, professional contractor, on the other hand, will usually:

✔️ Email you complete PDF certificates quickly (including Completed Ops coverage).
✔️ Have consistent names across the policy, business registration, and estimates.
✔️ Proactively explain their coverage, limits, and how they protect both you and themselves.

Once you compare the two, it becomes very obvious who’s professional and who’s secretly part of the “Contractor Scam Trio.”

You don’t need to become an insurance expert to protect your home. But by asking a few simple questions and insisting on proper documentation, you can greatly reduce the chance of letting the wrong people touch your walls, pipes, roof, or wiring.

🧨 承包商詐騙三兄弟：孫水管 × 趙畫圖 × 陳包商 — 一開口我就知道你沒保險！ The Contractor Scam Trio: Plumber Sun, Designer Zhao & Contractor Chen — I Already Know You’re Uninsured