🔥 餐廳油火 × 商業保險:最容易被拒賠的五大原因(餐廳、火鍋店、炒飯店、餐車)Commercial Kitchen Grease Fire × Restaurant Insurance: The Top 5 Reasons Claims Get Denied

🔥 餐廳油火 × 商業保險:最容易被拒賠的五大原因(餐廳、火鍋店、炒飯店、餐車)

商業廚房(commercial kitchen)的油火風險與家用廚房完全不同。火鍋店、炒飯店、餐酒館、boba 店、餐車(food truck)都是保險公司眼中「高風險高溫油火」場所。

商業火災處理的是:

  • 更高的油溫(350–375°F)
  • 更大的油量
  • 更強的火力(wok station 火力比家用高 3–5 倍)
  • 抽油煙機內油垢堆積
  • 瓦斯管線壓力較高

因此餐廳油火 × 商業保險絕對值得拆成獨立篇。

🔥 一、餐廳油火與家用油火的差別

簡單一句:

家用油火=家庭意外;餐廳油火=營運過失(Negligent Operation)。

🍲 家用油火

  • 多屬意外(accidental)
  • 通常會賠
  • 責任單純

🍳 餐廳油火

  • 屬「營利目的」→ 商業保險 vs 家用不同
  • 火力更大、油量更高
  • 最容易出現「拒賠」的火災類別
  • 牽涉設備維護、hood cleaning、city inspection

🔥 二、餐廳遇到油火時,商業保險是否會賠?

餐廳通常需要以下保險:

  • 🏢 Commercial Property(商業財產)
  • 🛡 General Liability(商業責任)
  • 🍳 Commercial Kitchen Fire Coverage
  • 💼 Business Interruption(營業中斷)
  • 🧯 Equipment Breakdown(抽油煙機、滅火系統)

而餐廳油火是否會賠,最大關鍵是:

→ 有沒有做正確維護與清潔?(尤其是抽油煙機)


🚫 三、最容易被拒賠的五大原因(餐廳專屬)

❌ 1. 抽油煙機(hood)未按規定清潔

這是餐廳油火拒賠率 No.1!

  • NFPA 標準:3 個月(heavy use)要清一次
  • 很多店 1 年沒洗 → 油垢厚到像瀝青
  • 保險公司最愛查這個

只要 hood 油垢太厚 → 拒賠可能性大幅提高。

❌ 2. 滅火系統(fire suppression)未維護

  • 商用廚房需有自動滅火系統(ANSUL)
  • 需要定期維修與檢測
  • 噴嘴堵塞、藥劑過期 → 可拒賠

❌ 3. 設備老舊未維修(油鍋、瓦斯爐、排煙系統)

  • 油炸鍋 thermostat 壞掉 → 油溫爆升
  • 商用爐火老化 → 火焰外溢
  • 油垢燒進煙管 → 火勢迅速延伸

保險公司立場:可預防(preventable)=可拒賠。

❌ 4. 未通過 City Fire Inspection(城市消防檢查)

  • 城市消防局每年會檢查商用廚房
  • 不符規範=重大過失(Gross Negligence)
  • 保險公司可以拒賠建物修復

❌ 5. 用家用保險保「商業」用途

最常見的錯誤之一:

  • 火鍋店 → 卻買 homeowner policy?
  • 餐車 → 卻買 personal auto policy?

用途不符 → 直接拒賠(Misrepresentation)。


🔥 四、餐廳油火 vs 餐車油火(Food Truck)

餐車的油火更危險,因為:

  • 空間更小
  • 油煙累積更快
  • 多使用 portable LP gas(更高壓)
  • 火從油鍋燒到瓦斯桶 → 爆炸風險

→ 餐車保險(Food Truck Insurance)跟餐廳保險完全不同。


📌 五、保險理賠順序(餐廳版本)

  1. 先修建物(Commercial Property)
  2. 再修設備(Equipment)
  3. 再處理責任(Liability)
  4. 最後是營業中斷(Business Interruption)

若任何一項「不符規範」→ 理賠可能直接卡住。


📌 六、總結(重要的一句話)

家用油火是意外;但商業油火大部分涉及“設備”、“清潔”、“維護”。
任何餐廳只要少做一項,就有機會被拒賠。

如果你是餐廳、火鍋店、餐車老闆:
請務必檢查你的抽油煙機、滅火系統、與你的保單是否真的是商業用途。

🔗 延伸閱讀

✔《火鍋店需要哪些保險?
✔《餐車保險 Food Truck Insurance 101


🔥 Commercial Kitchen Grease Fire × Restaurant Insurance: The Top 5 Reasons Claims Get Denied

Commercial kitchens operate with higher temperatures, more oil, stronger burners, and heavier exhaust systems than any home kitchen. As a result, grease fires in restaurants are treated completely differently from household grease fires.

🔥 1. Grease Fire in a Restaurant vs at Home

Home grease fire = accidental.
Restaurant grease fire = operational negligence unless proven otherwise.

Home Kitchen Fire

  • Small oil amount
  • Usually accidental
  • Coverage is straightforward

Commercial Kitchen Fire

  • High-heat wok stations
  • Large-volume deep fryers
  • Grease buildup in hood ducts
  • Much stricter insurance rules

🚫 2. Top 5 Reasons Restaurant Fire Claims Are Denied

❌ 1. Hood system not cleaned regularly

  • NFPA: heavy-use kitchens must clean every 3 months
  • Many restaurants only clean once a year
  • Grease buildup inside ducts → fire spreads rapidly

❌ 2. Fire suppression system not maintained

  • Commercial kitchens require ANSUL systems
  • No maintenance = automatic denial risk

❌ 3. Old or poorly maintained equipment

  • Fryer thermostat failure
  • Wok burner flame rollout
  • Uncleaned ducts catching fire

❌ 4. Failed city fire inspection

Insurers often deny when the restaurant has outstanding violations.

❌ 5. Business use not disclosed

Using a homeowner policy for a restaurant = misrepresentation → denial.

🔥 3. Food Truck Grease Fire vs Restaurant Fire

  • Smaller space
  • Faster grease accumulation
  • Propane tanks increase explosion risk

📌 4. Insurance Coverage Flow

  1. Commercial Property (building/equipment)
  2. Equipment Breakdown
  3. General Liability
  4. Business Interruption

📌 Final Takeaway

Commercial grease fires involve maintenance, cleaning, equipment, and compliance.
Any missing step can trigger a denial—even if the fire looks “accidental.”

If you operate a restaurant, hotpot shop, food truck, or café:
Double-check your hood cleaning schedule, suppression system, and whether your policy is truly rated as commercial use.

🔗 Related Reading

✔《Hotpot Restaurant Insurance
✔《Food Truck Insurance 101